Predictive methods for ssb beam measurements

ABSTRACT

A user equipment may be configured to perform predictive methods for SSB beam measurements. In some aspects, the user equipment may receive, from at least a base station, a first set of one or more synchronization signal block beam identifiers corresponding to a first set of one or more SSB beams belonging to a SSB burst, and receive, from at least the base station, the SSB burst including the first set of one or more SSB beams. Further, the user equipment may transmit, to at least the base station, one or more of: reporting information for a second set of one or more SSB beams or indications corresponding to the second set of one or more SSB beams, the second set of one or more SSB beams determined based on a prediction model and the first set of one or more SSB beams.

BACKGROUND Technical Field

The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communication, andmore particularly, to implementing predictive methods forsynchronization signal block (SSB) beam measurements.

INTRODUCTION

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide varioustelecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging,and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employmultiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication withmultiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of suchmultiple-access technologies include code division multiple access(CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequencydivision multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency divisionmultiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency divisionmultiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous codedivision multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

These multiple access technologies have been adopted in varioustelecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enablesdifferent wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national,regional, and even global level. An example telecommunication standardis 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of a continuous mobile broadbandevolution promulgated by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) tomeet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security,scalability (such as with Internet of Things (IoT)), and otherrequirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobilebroadband (eMBB), massive machine type communications (mMTC), and ultrareliable low latency communications (URLLC). Some aspects of 5G NR maybe based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. There exists aneed for further improvements in 5G NR technology.

SUMMARY

The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects inorder to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary isnot an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intendedto neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nordelineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is topresent some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as aprelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

An example implementation includes a method of wireless communication ata user equipment (UE) comprising receiving, from at least a basestation, a first set of one or more synchronization signal block (SSB)beam identifiers corresponding to a first set of one or more SSB beamsbelonging to a SSB burst, wherein a number of SSB beams in the first setof SSB beams is less than a total number of SSB beams in the SSB burst;receiving, from at least the base station, the SSB burst including thefirst set of one or more SSB beams. The method may further comprisetransmitting, to at least the base station, one or more of: reportinginformation for a second set of one or more SSB beams or indicationscorresponding to the second set of one or more SSB beams, the second setof one or more SSB beams determined based on a prediction model and thefirst set of one or more SSB beams.

The disclosure also provides an apparatus (e.g., a UE) including amemory storing computer-executable instructions and at least oneprocessor configured to execute the computer-executable instructions toreceive, from at least a base station, a first set of one or moresynchronization signal block (SSB) beam identifiers corresponding to afirst set of one or more SSB beams belonging to a SSB burst, wherein anumber of SSB beams in the first set of SSB beams is less than a totalnumber of SSB beams in the SSB burst, receive, from at least the basestation, the SSB burst including the first set of one or more SSB beams,and transmit, to at least the base station, one or more of: reportinginformation for a second set of one or more SSB beams or indicationscorresponding to the second set of one or more SSB beams, the second setof one or more SSB beams determined based on a prediction model and thefirst set of one or more SSB beams. In addition, the disclosure alsoprovides an apparatus including means for performing the above method,and a non-transitory computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable instructions for performing the above method.

An example implementation includes a method of wireless communication ata base station comprising transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), afirst set of one or more SSB beam identifiers corresponding to a firstset of one or more SSB beams of a SSB burst, and transmitting the SSBburst including the first set of one or more SSB beams to the UE.Further, the method may comprise receiving, from the UE, a first set ofmeasurements corresponding to the first set of one or more SSB beams,predicting, based at least on the first set of measurements, a secondset of one or more SSB beams, and transmitting, to the UE, a second setof one or more SSB beam identifiers corresponding to the second set ofone or more SSB beams.

The disclosure also provides an apparatus (e.g., a base station)including a memory storing computer-executable instructions and at leastone processor configured to execute the computer-executable instructionsto transmit, to a user equipment (UE), a first set of one or more SSBbeam identifiers corresponding to a first set of one or more SSB beamsof a SSB burst, transmit the SSB burst including the first set of one ormore SSB beams to the UE, receive, from the UE, a first set ofmeasurements corresponding to the first set of one or more SSB beams,predict, based at least on the first set of measurements, a second setof one or more SSB beams, and transmit, to the UE, a second set of oneor more SSB beam identifiers corresponding to the second set of one ormore SSB beams. In addition, the disclosure also provides an apparatusincluding means for performing the above method, and a non-transitorycomputer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions forperforming the above method.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or moreaspects include the features hereinafter fully described andparticularly pointed out in the claims. The following description andthe annexed drawings set forth in detail some illustrative features ofthe one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of buta few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects maybe employed, and this description is intended to include all suchaspects and their equivalents.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communicationssystem and an access network, in accordance with some aspects of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating an example of a first 5G/NR frame, inaccordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating an example of DL channels within a5G/NR subframe, in accordance with some aspects of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 2C is a diagram illustrating an example of a second 5G/NR frame, inaccordance with some aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2D is a diagram illustrating an example of UL channels within a5G/NR subframe, in accordance with some aspects of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and a UEin an access network, in accordance with some aspects of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating first example communications andcomponents of a base station and UEs, in accordance with some aspects ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating second example communications andcomponents of a base station and UEs, in accordance with some aspects ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 4C is a diagram illustrating third example communications andcomponents of a base station and UEs, in accordance with some aspects ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementationfor a base station employing a processing system, in accordance withsome aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementationfor a UE employing a processing system, in accordance with some aspectsof the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an example method of implementing predictivemethods for SSB beam measurements at a base station, in accordance withsome aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of an example method of implementing predictivemethods for SSB beam measurements at a UE, in accordance with someaspects of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appendeddrawings is intended as a description of various configurations and isnot intended to represent the only configurations in which the conceptsdescribed herein may be practiced. The detailed description includesspecific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understandingof various concepts. However, it will be apparent to a person havingordinary skill in the art that these concepts may be practiced withoutthese specific details. In some instances, structures and components areshown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.

Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented withreference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methodswill be described in the following detailed description and illustratedin the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits,processes, algorithms, among other examples (collectively referred to as“elements”). These elements may be implemented using electronichardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether suchelements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon theparticular application and design constraints imposed on the overallsystem.

By way of example, an element, or any portion of an element, or anycombination of elements may be implemented as a “processing system” thatincludes one or more processors. Examples of processors includemicroprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs),central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signalprocessors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors,systems on a chip (SoC), baseband processors, field programmable gatearrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gatedlogic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardwareconfigured to perform the various functionality described throughoutthis disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system mayexecute software. Software shall be construed broadly to meaninstructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code,programs, subprograms, software components, applications, softwareapplications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects,executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, among otherexamples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware,microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

Accordingly, in one or more examples, the functions described may beimplemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. Ifimplemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded asone or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium.Computer-readable media includes computer storage media, which may bereferred to as non-transitory computer-readable media. Non-transitorycomputer-readable media may exclude transitory signals. Storage mediamay be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way ofexample, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can include arandom-access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electricallyerasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), optical disk storage, magnetic diskstorage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of theaforementioned types of computer-readable media, or any other mediumthat can be used to store computer executable code in the form ofinstructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.

Various implementations relate generally to a procedure for implementingpredictive methods for SSB beam measurements. In some aspects, a UE mayreceive a SSB burst from a base station, and determine samplemeasurements of a first subset of SSB beams of the SSB burst. Further,the base station or the UE may determine a second subset of SSB beamsbased on inputting the sample measurements into a prediction model.Further, the UE may measure the second subset of SSB beams, and reportthe measurements of the second subset of SSB beams to the base station.Further, the base station and the UE may use the measurements of thesecond subset of SSB beams to select one or more beams that will be usedfor communications between the base station and UE. Accordingly, thepresent techniques limit the number of SSB beams that a UE needs tomeasure during beam selection, thereby reducing power consumption by UEdevices.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communicationssystem and an access network 100. The wireless communications system(also referred to as a wireless wide area network (WWAN)) includes basestations 102, UEs 104, an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 160, and anothercore network 190 (for example, a 5G Core (5GC)). The base stations 102may include macrocells (high power cellular base station) or small cells(low power cellular base station). The macrocells include base stations.The small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells.

In an aspect, a base station 102 may include a beam predictionmanagement component 198 configured to generate a prediction modelconfigured to predict SSB beams meeting a predefined criteria (e.g., theSSB beams predicted to have the highest RSRP measurement), employ theprediction model to predict the SSB beams meeting the predefinedcriteria, and facilitate measurement and reporting of the measurementsof predicted SSB beams by the individual UEs 104. Further, a UE 104 mayinclude a beam prediction component 140 configured to identify the SSBbeams predicted to meet a predefined criteria, determine measurementvalues of the SSB beams meeting the predefined criteria, and report themeasurement values to a base station 102. In some aspects, the UE 104may employ a prediction model received from a base station to identifythe SSB beams predicted to meet the predefined criteria. In some otheraspects, the beam prediction management component 198 may provide theSSB beams predicted to meet the predefined criteria. Further, themeasurement values of the SSB beams predicted to meet the predefinedcriteria may be used in a beam selection process performed by the basestation 102 and the UE 104.

The base stations 102 configured for 4G LTE (collectively referred to asEvolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) TerrestrialRadio Access Network (E-UTRAN)) may interface with the EPC 160 throughfirst backhaul links 132 (for example, an S1 interface). The basestations 102 configured for 5G NR (collectively referred to as NextGeneration RAN (NG-RAN)) may interface with core network 190 throughsecond backhaul links 184. In addition to other functions, the basestations 102 may perform one or more of the following functions:transfer of user data, radio channel ciphering and deciphering,integrity protection, header compression, mobility control functions(for example, handover, dual connectivity), inter-cell interferencecoordination, connection setup and release, load balancing, distributionfor non-access stratum (NAS) messages, NAS node selection,synchronization, radio access network (RAN) sharing, multimediabroadcast multicast service (MBMS), subscriber and equipment trace, RANinformation management (RIM), paging, positioning, and delivery ofwarning messages. The base stations 102 may communicate directly orindirectly (for example, through the EPC 160 or core network 190) witheach other over third backhaul links 134 (for example, X2 interface).The third backhaul links 134 may be wired or wireless.

The base stations 102 may wirelessly communicate with the UEs 104. Eachof the base stations 102 may provide communication coverage for arespective geographic coverage area 110. There may be overlappinggeographic coverage areas 110. For example, the small cell 102 a mayhave a coverage area 110 a that overlaps the coverage area 110 of one ormore macro base stations 102. A network that includes both small celland macrocells may be known as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneousnetwork may also include Home Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) (HeNBs), which mayprovide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group(CSG). The communication links 120 between the base stations 102 and theUEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link)transmissions from a UE 104 to a base station 102 or downlink (DL) (alsoreferred to as forward link) transmissions from a base station 102 to aUE 104. The communication links 120 may use multiple-input andmultiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatialmultiplexing, beamforming, or transmit diversity. The communicationlinks may be through one or more carriers. The base stations 102/UEs 104may use spectrum up to Y MHz (for example, 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400 MHz,among other examples) bandwidth per carrier allocated in a carrieraggregation of up to a total of Yx MHz (x component carriers) used fortransmission in each direction. The carriers may or may not be adjacentto each other. Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect toDL and UL (for example, more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DLthan for UL). The component carriers may include a primary componentcarrier and one or more secondary component carriers. A primarycomponent carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and asecondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell(SCell).

Some UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device(D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use theDL/UL WWAN spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or moresidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel(PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physicalsidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and a physical sidelink control channel(PSCCH). D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2Dcommunications systems, such as for example, FlashLinQ, WiMedia,Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi based on the IEEE 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.

The wireless communications system may further include a Wi-Fi accesspoint (AP) 150 in communication with Wi-Fi stations (STAs) 152 viacommunication links 154 in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum. Whencommunicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the STAs 152/AP 150may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating inorder to determine whether the channel is available.

The small cell 102 a may operate in a licensed or an unlicensedfrequency spectrum. When operating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum,the small cell 102 a may employ NR and use the same 5 GHz unlicensedfrequency spectrum as used by the Wi-Fi AP 150. The small cell 102 a,employing NR in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, may boost coverage toor increase capacity of the access network.

A base station 102, whether a small cell 102 a or a large cell (forexample, macro base station), may include or be referred to as an eNB,gNodeB (gNB), or another type of base station. Some base stations, suchas gNB 180 may operate in one or more frequency bands within theelectromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum is oftensubdivided, based on frequency/wavelength, into various classes, bands,channels, etc. In 5G NR two initial operating bands have been identifiedas frequency range designations FR1 (416 MHz-7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz-52.6 GHz). The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred toas mid-band frequencies. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band invarious documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimesoccurs with regard to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably)as a “millimeter wave” (mmW) band in documents and articles, despitebeing different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union(ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.

With the above aspects in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, itshould be understood that the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like if usedherein may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz,may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Further, unlessspecifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term“millimeter wave” or the like if used herein may broadly representfrequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, ormay be within the EHF band. Communications using the mmW radio frequencyband have extremely high path loss and a short range. The mmW basestation 180 may utilize beamforming 182 with the UE 104 to compensatefor the path loss and short range. The base station 180 and the UE 104may each include a plurality of antennas, such as antenna elements,antenna panels, or antenna arrays to facilitate the beamforming.

The base station 180 may transmit a beamformed signal to the UE 104 inone or more transmit directions 182 a. The UE 104 may receive thebeamformed signal from the base station 180 in one or more receivedirections 182 b. The UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal tothe base station 180 in one or more transmit directions. The basestation 180 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 104 in one ormore receive directions. The base station 180/UE 104 may perform beamtraining to determine the best receive and transmit directions for eachof the base station 180/UE 104. The transmit and receive directions forthe base station 180 may or may not be the same. The transmit andreceive directions for the UE 104 may or may not be the same.

The EPC 160 may include a Mobility Management Entity (MME) 162, otherMMEs 164, a Serving Gateway 166, a Multimedia Broadcast MulticastService (MBMS) Gateway 168, a Broadcast Multicast Service Center (BM-SC)170, and a Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway 172. The MME 162 may be incommunication with a Home Subscriber Server (HSS) 174. The MME 162 isthe control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 andthe EPC 160. Generally, the MME 162 provides bearer and connectionmanagement. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets are transferredthrough the Serving Gateway 166, which itself is connected to the PDNGateway 172. The PDN Gateway 172 provides UE IP address allocation aswell as other functions. The PDN Gateway 172 and the BM-SC 170 areconnected to the IP Services 176. The IP Services 176 may include theInternet, an intranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), a PS StreamingService, or other IP services. The BM-SC 170 may provide functions forMBMS user service provisioning and delivery. The BM-SC 170 may serve asan entry point for content provider MBMS transmission, may be used toauthorize and initiate MBMS Bearer Services within a public land mobilenetwork (PLMN), and may be used to schedule MBMS transmissions. The MBMSGateway 168 may be used to distribute MBMS traffic to the base stations102 belonging to a Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN)area broadcasting a particular service, and may be responsible forsession management (start/stop) and for collecting eMBMS relatedcharging information.

The core network 190 may include an Access and Mobility ManagementFunction (AMF) 192, other AMFs 193, a Session Management Function (SMF)194, and a User Plane Function (UPF) 195. The AMF 192 may be incommunication with a Unified Data Management (UDM) 196. The AMF 192 isthe control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 andthe core network 190. Generally, the AMF 192 provides QoS flow andsession management. All user Internet protocol (IP) packets aretransferred through the UPF 195. The UPF 195 provides UE IP addressallocation as well as other functions. The UPF 195 is connected to theIP Services 197. The IP Services 197 may include the Internet, anintranet, an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), a PS Streaming Service, orother IP services.

The base station may include or be referred to as a gNB, Node B, eNB, anaccess point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radiotransceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), anextended service set (ESS), a transmit reception point (TRP), or someother suitable terminology. The base station 102 provides an accesspoint to the EPC 160 or core network 190 for a UE 104. Examples of UEs104 include a satellite phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, asession initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digitalassistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, amultimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (for example,MP3 player), a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, awearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large orsmall kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, asensor/actuator, a display, or any other similar functioning device.Some of the UEs 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (for example,parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, among otherexamples). The UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, a mobilestation, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, awireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, awireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriberstation, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, aremote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, orsome other suitable terminology.

Although the following description may be focused on 5G NR, the conceptsdescribed herein may be applicable to other similar areas, such as LTE,LTE-A, CDMA, GSM, and other wireless technologies.

FIGS. 2A-2D include example diagrams 200, 230, 250, and 280 illustratingexamples structures that may be used for wireless communication by thebase station 102 and the UE 104, e.g., for 5G NR communication. FIG. 2Ais a diagram 200 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a5G/NR frame structure. FIG. 2B is a diagram 230 illustrating an exampleof DL channels within a 5G/NR subframe. FIG. 2C is a diagram 250illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G/NR framestructure. FIG. 2D is a diagram 280 illustrating an example of ULchannels within a 5G/NR subframe. The 5G/NR frame structure may be FDDin which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth),subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for either DL orUL, or may be TDD in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carriersystem bandwidth), subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicatedfor both DL and UL. In the examples provided by FIGS. 2A, 2C, the 5G/NRframe structure is assumed to be TDD, with subframe 4 being configuredwith slot format 28 (with mostly DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and X isflexible for use between DL/UL, and subframe 3 being configured withslot format 34 (with mostly UL). While subframes 3, 4 are shown withslot formats 34, 28, respectively, any particular subframe may beconfigured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slotformats 0, 1 are all DL, UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. UEs are configured withthe slot format (dynamically through DL control information (DCI), orsemi-statically/statically through radio resource control (RRC)signaling) through a received slot format indicator (SFI). Note that thedescription presented herein applies also to a 5G/NR frame structurethat is TDD.

Other wireless communication technologies may have a different framestructure or different channels. A frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10equally sized subframes (1 ms). Each subframe may include one or moretime slots. Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7,4, or 2 symbols. Each slot may include 7 or 14 symbols, depending on theslot configuration. For slot configuration 0, each slot may include 14symbols, and for slot configuration 1, each slot may include 7 symbols.The symbols on DL may be cyclic prefix (CP) OFDM (CP-OFDM) symbols. Thesymbols on UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) ordiscrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (alsoreferred to as single carrier frequency-division multiple access(SC-FDMA) symbols) (for power limited scenarios; limited to a singlestream transmission). The number of slots within a subframe is based onthe slot configuration and the numerology. For slot configuration 0,different numerologies μ 0 to 5 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 slots,respectively, per subframe. For slot configuration 1, differentnumerologies 0 to 2 allow for 2, 4, and 8 slots, respectively, persubframe. For slot configuration 0 and numerology μ, there are 14symbols/slot and 2μ slots/subframe. The subcarrier spacing and symbollength/duration are a function of the numerology. The subcarrier spacingmay be equal to 2^(μ)*15 kHz, where μ is the numerology 0 to 5. As such,the numerology μ=0 has a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz and the numerologyμ=5 has a subcarrier spacing of 480 kHz. The symbol length/duration isinversely related to the subcarrier spacing. FIGS. 2A-2D provide anexample of slot configuration 0 with 14 symbols per slot and numerologyμ=0 with 1 slot per subframe. The subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz andsymbol duration is approximately 66.7 μs.

A resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure. Each timeslot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as physical RBs(PRBs)) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid isdivided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bitscarried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

As illustrated in FIG. 2A, some of the REs carry reference (pilot)signals (RS) for the UE. The RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS)(indicated as Rx for one particular configuration, where 100× is theport number, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channelstate information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation atthe UE. The RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS), beamrefinement RS (BRRS), and phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

FIG. 2B illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframeof a frame. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCIwithin one or more CCE, each CCE including nine RE groups (REGs), eachREG including four consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol. A primarysynchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 of particularsubframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE 104 to determinesubframe/symbol timing and a physical layer identity. A secondarysynchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of particularsubframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine a physicallayer cell identity group number and radio frame timing. Based on thephysical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity groupnumber, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI). Based onthe PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the aforementioned DM-RS.The physical broadcast channel (PBCH), which carries a masterinformation block (MIB), may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSSto form a synchronization signal (SS)/PBCH block (SSB). The MIB providesa number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system frame number (SFN).The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data,broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH such assystem information blocks (SIBs), and paging messages.

As illustrated in FIG. 2C, some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as Rfor one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations arepossible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE maytransmit DM-RS for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RSfor the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS may betransmitted in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCHDM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations depending onwhether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on theparticular PUCCH format used. Although not shown, the UE may transmitsounding reference signals (SRS). The SRS may be used by a base stationfor channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent schedulingon the UL.

FIG. 2D illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframeof a frame. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration.The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as schedulingrequests, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrixindicator (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), and HARQ ACK/NACK feedback. ThePUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carry a bufferstatus report (BSR), a power headroom report (PHR), or UCI.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a base station 102/180 in communicationwith a UE 104 in an access network. In the DL, IP packets from the EPC160 may be provided to a controller/processor 375. Thecontroller/processor 375 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.Layer 3 includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and layer 2includes a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet dataconvergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, anda medium access control (MAC) layer. The controller/processor 375provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting of systeminformation (such as MIB, SIBs), RRC connection control (such as RRCconnection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connectionmodification, and RRC connection release), inter radio access technology(RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurementreporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with headercompression/decompression, security (ciphering, deciphering, integrityprotection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLClayer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer packetdata units (PDUs), error correction through ARQ, concatenation,segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs),re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; andMAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channelsand transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks(TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling informationreporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logicalchannel prioritization.

The transmit (TX) processor 316 and the receive (RX) processor 370implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signalprocessing functions. Layer 1, which includes a physical (PHY) layer,may include error detection on the transport channels, forward errorcorrection (FEC) coding/decoding of the transport channels,interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto physical channels,modulation/demodulation of physical channels, and MIMO antennaprocessing. The TX processor 316 handles mapping to signalconstellations based on various modulation schemes (such as binaryphase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK),M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation(M-QAM)). The coded and modulated symbols may then be split intoparallel streams. Each stream may then be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier,multiplexed with a reference signal (such as a pilot) in the time orfrequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse FastFourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a timedomain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially precoded toproduce multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channelestimator 374 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme,as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate may be derivedfrom a reference signal or channel condition feedback transmitted by theUE 104. Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna320 via a separate transmitter 318TX. Each transmitter 318TX maymodulate an RF carrier with a respective spatial stream fortransmission.

At the UE 104, each receiver 354RX receives a signal through itsrespective antenna 352. Each receiver 354RX recovers informationmodulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive(RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and the RX processor 356implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signalprocessing functions. The RX processor 356 may perform spatialprocessing on the information to recover any spatial streams destinedfor the UE 104. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 104,they may be combined by the RX processor 356 into a single OFDM symbolstream. The RX processor 356 then converts the OFDM symbol stream fromthe time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform(FFT). The frequency domain signal includes a separate OFDM symbolstream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on eachsubcarrier, and the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated bydetermining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted bythe base station 102/180. These soft decisions may be based on channelestimates computed by the channel estimator 358. The soft decisions arethen decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signalsthat were originally transmitted by the base station 102/180 on thephysical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to thecontroller/processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2functionality.

The controller/processor 359 can be associated with a memory 360 thatstores program codes and data. The memory 360 may be referred to as acomputer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller/processor 359provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packetreassembly, deciphering, header decompression, and control signalprocessing to recover IP packets from the EPC 160. Thecontroller/processor 359 is also responsible for error detection usingan ACK or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

Similar to the functionality described in connection with the DLtransmission by the base station 102/180, the controller/processor 359provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (forexample, MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurementreporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with headercompression/decompression, and security (ciphering, deciphering,integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionalityassociated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correctionthrough ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs,re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; andMAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channelsand transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs,demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting,error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channelprioritization.

Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 358 from a referencesignal or feedback transmitted by the base station 102/180 may be usedby the TX processor 368 to select the appropriate coding and modulationschemes, and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streamsgenerated by the TX processor 368 may be provided to different antenna352 via separate transmitters 354TX. Each transmitter 354TX may modulatean RF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.

The UL transmission is processed at the base station 102/180 in a mannersimilar to that described in connection with the receiver function atthe UE 104. Each receiver 318RX receives a signal through its respectiveantenna 320. Each receiver 318RX recovers information modulated onto anRF carrier and provides the information to a RX processor 370.

The controller/processor 375 can be associated with a memory 376 thatstores program codes and data. The memory 376 may be referred to as acomputer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller/processor 375provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packetreassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processingto recover IP packets from the UE 104. IP packets from thecontroller/processor 375 may be provided to the EPC 160. Thecontroller/processor 375 is also responsible for error detection usingan ACK or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

In the UE 104, at least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor356, and the controller/processor 359 may be configured to performaspects in connection with the beam prediction component 140 of FIG. 1 .

In the base station 102/180, at least one of the TX processor 316, theRX processor 370, and the controller/processor 375 may be configured toperform aspects in connection with beam prediction management component198 of FIG. 1 .

In highly-directional systems such as 5G NR, beams may be used between atransmitter (e.g., a base station) and a receiver (e.g., a UE) for datatransmission. As a result, base stations and UE may perform beammanagement procedures (e.g., beam determination, beam measurement, beamreporting, beam recovery, etc.) to facilitate beamformed wirelesscommunications. For example, in a beam-based system, the UE and thenetwork may need to identify the best beam(s) to use for subsequentcommunications during initial access/cell search. In some instances, abase station may transmit SSBs with different SSB block indices overdifferent beams. The UE may attempt to decode each SSB and measure thesignal strength of a reference signal (e.g., Demodulation ReferenceSignal (PBCH DMRS)) of each SSB it detects for a certain period (e.g., aperiod of one SSB Burst). Further, the UE may identify one or more SSBindices associated with beams meeting a predefined criteria (e.g., theSSBs having the strongest signal strength). Further, the UE may reportthe one or more SSB indices to the base station in order to identify thebeams meeting the predefined criteria to the base station. However,requiring the UE to attempt to decode and measure each SSB in order todetermine which beams meet a predefined criteria may drain the batterypower of the UE.

The present disclosure provides techniques for implementing predictivemethods for beam measurements (e.g. SSB beam measurements). As describedabove, current beam management processes require an extensive amount ofbeam measurements. For example, a UE may be required to measure each SSBbeam in a SSB burst. Accordingly, the present techniques predict theplurality of SSB beams within the SSB burst expected to meet apredefined criteria used in a beam management process, therebyminimizing and/or reducing power consumption expended by the UE duringbeam measurement.

FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating a first example of communications andcomponents of base stations and UEs. As illustrated in FIGS. 4A-4C, thesystem 400 may include a base station 402 (e.g., the base station102/180) and a UE 404 (e.g., the UE 104 in an NR-RRC idle mode or NR-RRCconnected mode). Further, the system 400 may include one or more otherbase stations 406 and/or one or more other UEs 408 configured to performsimilar operations as the base station 402 and the UE 404, respectively.As described in detail herein, the base stations 402 and 406(1)-(n) andthe UE 404 and 408(1)-(n) may be configured for beamformed wirelesscommunications within a plurality of coverage zones 410(1)-(n) of thesystem 400. Further, each coverage zone 410 may be associated with acoverage zone identifier 412. For example, a first coverage zone 410(1)may be identified by a first coverage zone identifier 412(1), an nthcoverage zone may be identified by an nth identifier, and so forth.

As illustrated in FIGS. 4A-4B, the base station 402 may include the beamprediction management component 198, a beam management component 414, amodel generator 416, and one or more prediction models 418(1)-(n). Thebeam management component 414 may be configured to perform beammanagement processes at the base station 402. For example, the beammanagement component 414 may be configured to periodically transmit SSBs420(1)-(n) on each of a plurality of transmit beams 422(1)-(n) of thebase station 402 as a part of SSB bursts 424(1)-(n). In particular, thebase station 402 may transmit a first SSB 420(1) on a first transmitbeam 422(1) during a first SSB burst 424(1), an nth SSB 420(n) on thenth transmit beam 422(n) during the first SSB burst 424(1), the firstSSB 420(1) on the first transmit beam 422(1) during an nth SSB burst424(n), the nth SSB 420(n) on the nth transmit beam 422(n) during thenth SSB burst 424(n), and so forth. Each SSB burst 424(1)-(n) may have aSSB burst duration and occur in accordance with a periodic SSB burstperiod. Additionally, each transmit beam 422 may have a beam identifier426. For example, the first transmit beam 422(1) may have a first beamidentifier 426(1), an nth transmit beam 422(n) may have an nth beamidentifier 426(n), and so forth.

The model generator 416 may be configured to generate the predictionmodels 418(1)-(n). In particular, the model generator 416 may receive aplurality of training measurement collections 428(1)-(n) from the UEs(e.g., the UE 404 and/or the UEs 408), and train the prediction models418(1)-(n) based on the plurality of training measurement collections428(1)-(n). For example, the beam management component 414 may transmita plurality of sample beam identifiers 430(1)-(n) identifying a subsetof the transmit beams 422(1)-(n). In addition, the beam managementcomponent 414 may transmit a plurality of SSBs 420 in a SSB burst 424 tothe UEs. In response, the model generator 416 may receive the pluralityof training measurement collections 428(1)-(n) corresponding tomeasurement values of the plurality of SSBs 420 as determined by theUEs.

In some aspects, each training measurement collection 428 may include abeam identifier and corresponding measurement value determined by thetransmitting UE for a subset of the transmit beams 422. In particular,for each of the transmit beams 422 identified by the sample beamidentifiers 430(1)-(n), an individual training measurement collection428 may include the beam identifier and the measurement value determinedby the UE. Further, for each of the transmit beams 422 meeting apredefined criteria (e.g., the three transmit beams 422 having one ofthe three highest measurement values), the individual trainingmeasurement collection 428 may include the beam identifier and themeasurement value determined by the UE. In some aspects, the measurementvalues may be reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements.Further, in some aspects, an individual training measurement collection428 may also include angular information (e.g., angle of arrival (AoA),angle of departure (AoD), etc.) for the subset of the transmit beams422(1)-(n) represented within the individual training measurementcollection 428.

In some aspects, the model generator 416 may be configured to generateneural network prediction models based on the plurality of trainingmeasurement collections 428(1)-(n). For instance, the prediction models418 may be layered neural networks in which the output of a first layerof neurons becomes an input to a second layer of neurons, the output ofthe second layer of neurons becomes input to a third layer of neurons,and so forth. Further, the neural network prediction models may betrained to determine transmit beams expected to meet a predefinedcriteria based on a signature (e.g., a spatial signature) determinedfrom a plurality of beam measurements. In some aspects, at least one ofthe prediction models 418 may be a feed-forward neural network. In someother instances, the prediction models 418 may be another type ofmachine learning or pattern recognition model.

Further, the beam prediction management component 198 may be configuredto facilitate use of the prediction model 418 by the UEs for beamprediction, e.g., SSB beam prediction, as described in detail herein. Asillustrated in FIG. 4A, the beam prediction management component 198 maytransmit the prediction model 418 to UEs within a coverage zone 410associated with the prediction model 418. For example, the beamprediction management component 198 of the base station 402 within thecoverage zone 410(1) may transmit the prediction model 418(1) to the UE404.

In addition, the beam prediction management component 198 may transmitthe sample beam identifiers 430(1)-(n) to the UEs within the coveragezone 410. For example, the beam prediction management component 198 maytransmit the sample beam identifiers 430(1)-(4) to the UE 404. Further,the beam management component may periodically transmit the plurality ofSSBs 420(1)-(n) in SSB bursts 426(1)-(n) within the coverage zone 410.For example, the beam prediction management component 198 mayperiodically transmit the SSB bursts 426(1)-(n) to the UE 404 while theUE 404 is within the coverage zone 410(1). In response to receiving thesample beam identifiers 430(1)-(n) and the first SSB burst 424(1), theUEs may determine sample measurement values for the transmit beams 422identified by the sample beam identifiers 430(1)-(n), and predict aplurality of predicted beams of the transmit beams 422 expected to meeta predefined criteria based on the sample measurement values and theprediction model 418(1). In addition, the UEs may measure the predictedbeams to determine predicted beam measurement information and transmitreporting information 432(1)-(n) including the predicted beammeasurement information. For example, the beam prediction managementcomponent 198 may receive the reporting information 432(1) from the UE404. The reporting information 432 may include a beam identifier andcorresponding measurement value determined by the transmitting UE forthe transmit beams 422 determined by the prediction model 418 to meet apredefined criteria at the transmitting UE (i.e., the predicted beams).For example, for each of the three transmit beams 422 predicted to haveone of the three highest RSRP values at the UE 404, the reportinginformation 432(1) may include the beam identifier and the RSRPmeasurement value determined by the UE 404.

Additionally, the base station 402 may include a reception component 434and a transmission component 436. The reception component 434 mayinclude, for example, a radio frequency (RF) receiver for receiving thesignals described herein. The transmission component 436 may include,for example, an RF transmitter for transmitting the signals describedherein. In an aspect, the reception component 434 and the transmissioncomponent 436 may be co-located in a transceiver (e.g., the transceiver510 shown in FIG. 5 ).

As illustrated in FIG. 4A, the UE 404 may include the beam predictioncomponent 140, the prediction models 418(1)-(n), a measurement component438 configured to measure the transmit beams 422, and a reportingcomponent 440 configured to report measurement values to the basestations (e.g., the base station 402 and the base stations 406(1)-(n)).In some aspects, the beam prediction component 140 may be configured toemploy prediction models 418(1)-(n) received from a base station (e.g.,the base stations 402 and the base stations 406(1)-(N)) to identify thetransmit beams 422 predicted to meet a predefined criteria (e.g., thethree transmit beams expected to have the highest RSRP measurementvalue).

For example, the beam prediction component 140(1) may receive the samplebeam identifiers 430(1)-(4) from the base station 402 and periodicallyreceive the SSBs 420(1)-(n) of the SSB bursts 424(1) via the transmitbeams 422. In response, the beam prediction component 140(1) mayinstruct the measurement component 438(1) to measure only the transmitbeams 422 corresponding to the sample beam identifiers 430(1)-(4).Further, the beam prediction component may input each of the sample beamidentifiers 430(1)-(4) and the corresponding measurement value, asdetermined by the measurement component 438, into the prediction model418 to determine the a number of transmit beams (e.g., three transmitbeams) expected to have the highest RSRP measurement values.Additionally, the beam prediction component 140 may instruct themeasurement component 438 to measure the three transmit beams expectedto have the highest RSRP measurement values.

In addition, the reporting component 440 may transmit the reportinginformation 432(1) to the base station 402. In some aspects, thereporting component 440 may transmit the reporting information 432(1)within a CSI report. As described in detail above, the reportinginformation 432(1) may include a beam identifier and a measurement valuefor each of the three transmit beams expected to have the highest RSRPmeasurement values. In some aspects, the reporting information 432(1)may be utilized to facilitate communications between the base station402 and the UE 404. For example, the base station 402 and the UE 404 mayemploy at least one of the transmit beams 422 identified in thereporting information 432(1) for downlink transmissions 441.

Further, the UE 404 may include a reception component 442 and atransmission component 444. The transmission component 444 may beconfigured to generate signals for transmission operations and sensingas described herein. The transmission component 444 may include, forexample, a RF transmitter for transmitting the signals described herein.The reception component 442 may include, for example, a RF receiver forreceiving the signals described herein. In an aspect, the receptioncomponent 442 and the transmission component 444 may be co-located in atransceiver (e.g., the transceiver 610 shown in FIG. 6 ).

FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating a second example of communications andcomponents of base stations and UEs. As illustrated in FIG. 4B, in someaspects, a UE 446 may not include a prediction model 418 for one or morecoverage zones. The UE 446 may include the beam prediction component140(2), the measurement component 438(2) configured to measure thetransmit beams 422, the reporting component 440(2) configured to reportmeasurement values to the base stations, the reception component 442(2),and the transmission component 444(2).

Further, the UE 446 may receive the sample beam identifiers 430(1)-(4)from the base station 402. In response, the beam prediction component140(2) may instruct the measurement component 438(2) to measure only thetransmit beams 422 corresponding to the sample beam identifiers430(1)-(4) to determine sample measurement information 448 during afirst SSB burst 424(1). Further, the beam prediction component 140(2)may transmit the sample measurement information 448 to the base station402. In some aspects, the reporting component 440 may transmit thereporting information 432(1) within a CSI report. Further, in someaspects, the sample measurement information 448 may include ameasurement value (e.g., RSRP measurement value) and beam identifier foreach sample beam identifier 430 received from the base station 402.

Upon receipt of the sample measurement information 448, the beamprediction management component 198 may input the sample measurementinformation 448 into the prediction model 418(1) corresponding to thecurrent coverage zone 410 associated with the UE 446 to determine aplurality of predicted beams of the transmit beams expected to meet apredefined criteria (e.g., the three transmit beams having one of thethree highest measurement value). Further, the beam predictionmanagement component 198 may transmit a measurement request 450 to theUE 446. The measurement request 450 may instruct the measurementcomponent 438(2) to measure the plurality of predicted beams. Forexample, the measurement request 450(1) may include beam identifiers ofthe three transmit beams expected to have the highest measurementvalues. Upon receipt of the measurement request 450, the measurementcomponent 438(2) may measure the three transmit beams identified in themeasurement request 450 during a second SSB burst 424(2), and thereporting component 440(2) may transmit the reporting information 432(2)to the base station 402. In some aspects, the reporting component 440(2)may transmit the reporting information 432(2) within a CSI report. Asdescribed in detail above, the reporting information 432(2) may includea beam identifier and a measurement value for each of the transmit beamsidentified in the measurement request 450. In some aspects, thereporting information 432(2) may be utilized to facilitatecommunications between the base station 402 and the UE 446. For example,the base station 402 and the UE 404 may employ at least one of thetransmit beams 422 identified in the reporting information 432(1) fordownlink transmissions 441.

FIG. 4C is a diagram illustrating a third example of communications andcomponents of base stations and UEs. As illustrated in FIG. 4C, the basestation 402 may generate a plurality of transmit beams 422(1)-(24) eachidentified by one of the transmit beam identifiers 426(1)-(24). AlthoughFIG. 4C illustrates the base station 402 generating twenty-four beamstransmit beams, the base station 402 may generate any number of transmitbeams.

Further, as described in detail herein, the sample beam identifiers430(1)-(n) may be used to represent a subset of the transmit beams422(1)-(n) having a lower amount of transmit beams than the full set ofthe transmit beams 422(1)-(n). For example, the sample beam identifiers430(1)-(4) may identify the first transmit beam 422(1), the seventhtransmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmit beam 422(13), and thenineteenth transmit beam 422(19) of the base station 402. In addition,instead of attempting to blindly decode the SSBs 420(1)-(n) to measurethe transmit beams 422(1)-(n), the UEs (e.g., the UE 404, the UE 446,etc.) may only attempt to blindly decode the SSBs 420 transmitted by thefirst transmit beam 422(1), the seventh transmit beam 422(7), thethirteenth transmit beam 422(13), and the nineteenth transmit beam422(19). Further, the measurements of the first transmit beam 422(1),the seventh transmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmit beam 422(13),and the nineteenth transmit beam 422(19) may be input into theprediction model 418 to determine one or more of the transmit beams 422meeting a predefined criteria. For example, the prediction model 418 mayindicate that the sixth transmit beam 422(6), the seventh transmit beam422(7), and the eight transmit beam 422(8) are expected to have thethree highest measurement values at the UE 404, and the prediction model418 may indicate that the tenth transmit beam 422(10), the eleventhtransmit beam 422(11), and the twelfth transmit beam 422(12) areexpected to have the three highest measurement values at the UE 446. Asa result, the UE 404 may send reporting information 432(1) identifyingthe sixth transmit beam 422(6), the seventh transmit beam 422(7), andthe eight transmit beam 422(8), and UE 446 may transmit the reportinginformation 432(2) identifying the sixth transmit beam 422(6), theseventh transmit beam 422(7), and the eight transmit beam 422(8).

Although FIGS. 4A-4C illustrate employing the beam prediction component140, the beam prediction management component 198, prediction model 418,the measurement component 438, and the reporting component 440 for SSBbeams, the present disclosure may also be applied to reducing the numberof measurements made by a UE for other types of reference signals inbeam management processes. For example, in some aspects, the beamprediction component 140, the beam prediction management component 198,the prediction model 418, the measurement component 438, and thereporting component 440 may employed to reduce the number ofmeasurements of CSI-RSs.

FIG. 5 is a diagram 500 illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for a base station 502 (e.g., base station 402) employinga processing system 514. The processing system 514 may be implementedwith a bus architecture, represented generally by the bus 524. The bus524 may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridgesdepending on the specific application of the processing system 514 andthe overall design constraints. The bus 524 links together variouscircuits including one or more processors and/or hardware components,represented by the processor 504, the beam prediction managementcomponent 198, the beam management component 414, the model generator416, and the computer-readable medium/memory 506. The bus 524 may alsolink various other circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltageregulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in theart, and therefore, will not be described any further.

The processing system 514 may be coupled with a transceiver 510. Thetransceiver 510 is coupled with one or more antennas 520. Thetransceiver 510 provides a means for communicating with various otherapparatus over a transmission medium. The transceiver 510 receives asignal from the one or more antennas 520, extracts information from thereceived signal, and provides the extracted information to theprocessing system 514, specifically the reception component 434. Thereception component 434 may receive the plurality of trainingmeasurement collections 428(1)-(n), the reporting information432(1)-(n), and the sample measurement information 448. In addition, thetransceiver 510 receives information from the processing system 514,specifically the transmission component 436, and based on the receivedinformation, generates a signal to be applied to the one or moreantennas 520. Further, the transmission component 436 may send theprediction models 418(1)-(n), the SSBs 420(1)-(n), the SSB Bursts424(1)-(n), the sample beam identifiers 430(1)-(n), the measurementrequests 450(1)-(n), and/or the downlink transmissions 441.

The processing system 514 includes a processor 504 coupled with acomputer-readable medium/memory 506 (e.g., a non-transitory computerreadable medium). The processor 504 is responsible for generalprocessing, including the execution of software stored on thecomputer-readable medium/memory 506. The software, when executed by theprocessor 504, causes the processing system 514 to perform the variousfunctions described supra for any particular apparatus. Thecomputer-readable medium/memory 506 may also be used for storing datathat is manipulated by the processor 504 when executing software. Theprocessing system 514 further includes the beam prediction managementcomponent 198, the beam management component 414, the model generator416, and the prediction models 418(1)-(n). The aforementioned componentsmay be software components running in the processor 504, resident/storedin the computer readable medium/memory 506, one or more hardwarecomponents coupled with the processor 504, or some combination thereof.The processing system 514 may be a component of the base station 310 andmay include the memory 376 and/or at least one of the TX processor 316,the RX processor 370, and the controller/processor 375. Alternatively,the processing system 514 may be the entire base station (e.g., see 310of FIG. 3, 402 of FIG. 4 ).

The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementionedcomponents of the base station 502 and/or the processing system 514 ofthe base station 502 configured to perform the functions recited by theaforementioned means. As described supra, the processing system 514 mayinclude the TX Processor 316, the RX Processor 370, and thecontroller/processor 375. As such, in one configuration, theaforementioned means may be the TX Processor 316, the RX Processor 370,and the controller/processor 375 configured to perform the functionsrecited by the aforementioned means.

FIG. 6 is a diagram 600 illustrating an example of a hardwareimplementation for a UE 602 (e.g., the UE 104, the UE 404, etc.)employing a processing system 614. The processing system 614 may beimplemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by the bus624. The bus 624 may include any number of interconnecting buses and/orbridges depending on the specific application of the processing system614 and the overall design constraints. The bus 624 links togethervarious circuits including one or more processors and/or hardwarecomponents, represented by the processor 604, the beam predictioncomponent 140, the measurement component 438, and reporting component440, and the computer-readable medium (e.g., non-transitorycomputer-readable medium)/memory 606. The bus 624 may also link variousother circuits such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators,and power management circuits, which are well known in the art, andtherefore, will not be described any further.

The processing system 614 may be coupled with a transceiver 610. Thetransceiver 610 may be coupled with one or more antennas 620. Thetransceiver 610 provides a means for communicating with various otherapparatus over a transmission medium. The transceiver 610 receives asignal from the one or more antennas, extracts information from thereceived signal, and provides the extracted information to theprocessing system 614, specifically the reception component 434. Thereception component 434 may receive the prediction models 418(1)-(n),the SSBs 420(1)-(n), the SSB Bursts 424(1)-(n), the sample beamidentifiers 430(1)-(n), the measurement requests 450(1)-(n), and/or thedownlink transmissions 441. In addition, the transceiver 610 receivesinformation from the processing system 614, specifically thetransmission component 436, and based on the received information,generates a signal to be applied to the one or more antennas. Further,the transmission component 436 may transmit the plurality of trainingmeasurement collections 428(1)-(n), the reporting information432(1)-(n), and the sample measurement information 448.

The processing system 614 includes a processor 604 coupled with acomputer-readable medium/memory 606 (e.g., a non-transitory computerreadable medium). The processor 604 is responsible for generalprocessing, including the execution of software stored on thecomputer-readable medium/memory 606. The software, when executed by theprocessor 604, causes the processing system 614 to perform the variousfunctions described supra for any particular apparatus. Thecomputer-readable medium/memory 606 may also be used for storing datathat is manipulated by the processor 604 when executing software. Theprocessing system 614 further includes at least one of the beamprediction component 140, the prediction models 418(1)-(n), themeasurement component 438, and the reporting component 440. Theaforementioned components may be a software component running in theprocessor 604, resident/stored in the computer readable medium/memory606, one or more hardware components coupled with the processor 604, orsome combination thereof. The processing system 614 may be a componentof the UE 390 and may include the memory 360 and/or at least one of theTX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller/processor359. Alternatively, the processing system 614 may be the entire UE(e.g., see 390 of FIG. 3, 404 of FIG. 4 ).

The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementionedcomponents of the UE 602 and/or the processing system 614 of UE 602configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.As described supra, the processing system 614 may include the TXProcessor 368, the RX Processor 356, and the controller/processor 359.As such, in one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TXProcessor 368, the RX Processor 356, and the controller/processor 359configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method 700 of implementing predictive methodsfor SSB beam measurements, in accordance with some aspects of thepresent disclosure. The method may be performed by a base station (e.g.,the base station 102, which may include the memory 376 and which may bethe entire base station or a component of the base station, such as beamprediction management component 198, the TX processor 316, the RXprocessor 370, and/or the controller/processor 375; the base station402, the base station 702).

At block 710, the method 700 may include transmitting, to UE, a firstset of one or more SSB beam identifiers corresponding to a first set ofone or more SSB beams of a SSB burst. For example, the beam predictionmanagement component 198 may transmit the sample beam identifiers430(1)-(4) to the UE 446. Further, the sample beam identifiers430(1)-(4) may identify the first transmit beam 422(1), the seventhtransmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmit beam 422(13), and thenineteenth transmit beam 422(19) of the base station 402.

Accordingly, the base station 102, the base station 402, the basestation 802, the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and/or thecontroller/processor 375 executing the beam prediction managementcomponent 198 may provide means for transmitting, to a UE, a first setof one or more SSB beam identifiers corresponding to a first set of oneor more SSB beams of a SSB burst.

At block 720, the method 700 may include transmitting the SSB burstincluding the first set of one or more SSB beams to the UE. For example,the base station 402 may transmit the plurality of SSBs 420 in a SSBburst 442(1) to the UE 446 via the transmit beams 422(1)-(24).

Accordingly, the base station 102, the base station 402, the basestation 802, the RX processor 370, and/or the controller/processor 375executing the beam management component 414 may provide means fortransmitting the SSB burst including the first set of one or more SSBbeams to the UE.

At block 730, the method 700 may include receiving, from the UE, a firstset of measurements corresponding to the first set of one or more SSBbeams. For example, the base station 402 may receive the samplemeasurement information 448 from the UE 446. Further, the samplemeasurement information 448 may include measurement values correspondingto the first transmit beam 422(1), the seventh transmit beam 422(7), thethirteenth transmit beam 422(13), and the nineteenth transmit beam422(19) of the base station 402.

At sub-block 732, the block 730 may optionally include receiving achannel state information (CSI) report including a first set ofmeasurements. For example, the base station 402 may transmit a CSIreport including the sample measurement information 448.

Accordingly, the base station 102, the base station 402, the basestation 802, the RX processor 370, and/or the controller/processor 375executing the beam prediction management component 198 may provide meansfor receiving, from the UE, a first set of measurements corresponding tothe first set of one or more SSB beams.

At block 740, the method 700 may include predicting, based at least onthe first set of measurements, a second set of one or more SSB beams.For example, the base station 402 may input the sample measurementinformation 448 into the prediction model 418(1) to determine thetransmit beams 422 of the base station 402 expected to meet a predefinedcriteria, e.g., the three beams expected to have the highest measurementvalues of a particular type of measurement performed by the UE 446. Insome aspects, the prediction model 418(1) may determine a subset of thetransmit beams 422 expected to have the highest measurement values of aparticular type of measurement performed by the UE 446 based on asignature (e.g., a spatial signature) formed by the measurement valuesincluded within the sample measurement information 448.

At sub-block 742, the block 740 may optionally include predicting thesecond set of one or more SSB beams based on a spatial signature of oneor more RSRP measurements. For example, in some aspects, the samplemeasurement information 448 includes RSRP measurements, and theprediction model 418(1) is configured to determine a subset of thetransmit beams 422 expected to have the highest RSRP values whenmeasured by the UE 446 based on a spatial signature formed by themeasurement values included within the sample measurement information448.

At sub-block 744, the block 740 may optionally include predicting thesecond set of one or more SSB beams based on one or more angularmeasurements. For example, in some aspects, the prediction model 418(1)is configured to determine a subset of the transmit beams 422 expectedto have the highest measurement values when measured by the UE 446 basedat least in part on angular information. In some instances, the angularinformation may include AoA information associated with the firsttransmit beam 422(1), the seventh transmit beam 422(7), the thirteenthtransmit beam 422(13), and the nineteenth transmit beam 422(19).Additionally, or alternatively, the angular information may include AoDinformation associated with the first transmit beam 422(1), the seventhtransmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmit beam 422(13), and thenineteenth transmit beam 422(19) of the base station 402). Further, theangular information may be provided by the UE 446 within the samplemeasurement information 448(1) and/or by the beam management component414 that manages the transmit beams 422. Further, base station 402 maythe input the sample measurement information 448 and the angularinformation into the prediction model 418(1) to determine a subset ofthe transmit beams 422 expected to meet a predefined criteria whenmeasured by the UE 446.

Accordingly, the base station 102, the base station 402, the basestation 802, the RX processor 370, and/or the controller/processor 375executing the beam prediction management component 198 may provide meansfor predicting, based at least on the first set of measurements, asecond set of one or more SSB beams.

At block 750, the method 700 may include transmitting, to the UE, asecond set of one or more SSB beam identifiers corresponding to thesecond set of one or more SSB beams. For example, the base station 402may transmit a measurement request 450 to the UE 446. Further, themeasurement request 450(1) may include beam identifiers of the threetransmit beams expected to have the highest measurement values.

Accordingly, the base station 102, the base station 402, the basestation 802, the RX processor 370, and/or the controller/processor 375executing the beam prediction management component 198 may provide meansfor transmitting, to the UE, a second set of one or more SSB beamidentifiers corresponding to the second set of one or more SSB beams.

At block 760, the method 700 may optionally include receiving, from theUE, reporting information for the second set of one or more SSB beamsand transmitting data to the UE via at least one of the second set ofone or more SSB beams. For example, the base station 402 may receivereporting information 432(2) from the UE 446. In some aspects, the UE446 may transmit the reporting information 432(2) within a CSI report.

Accordingly, the base station 102, the base station 402, the basestation 802, the RX processor 370, and/or the controller/processor 375executing the beam prediction management component 198 may provide meansfor receiving, from the UE, reporting information for the second set ofone or more SSB beams and transmitting data to the UE via at least oneof the second set of one or more SSB beams.

In an additional aspect, the method 700 further comprises transmitting athird set of one or more SSB beams, receiving, from one or more UEs,based on the third set of one or more SSB beams, one or more trainingmeasurements for generating the prediction model, and generating theprediction model based on the one or more training measurements. Forexample, the beam management component 414 may transmit a SSB burst 424to the UEs (e.g., the UE 404, the UEs 408(1)-(n), and the UE 446), andreceive the plurality of training measurement collections 428 from theUEs. Further, the model generator 416 may generate the prediction model418(1) based on the plurality of training measurement collections 428.Accordingly, the UE 104, the UE 404, UE 602, the TX processor 368, theRX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor 359 executing the beamprediction component 140 may provide means for transmitting a third setof one or more SSB beams, receiving, from one or more UEs, based on thethird set of one or more SSB beams, one or more training measurementsfor generating the prediction model, and generating the prediction modelbased on the one or more training measurements.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a method 800 of implementing predictive methodsfor SSB beam measurements, in accordance with some aspects of thepresent disclosure. The method may be performed by a UE (e.g., the UE104 of FIGS. 1 and 3 , which may include the memory 360 and which may bethe entire UE 104 or a component of the UE 104, such as beam predictioncomponent 140, the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and/or thecontroller/processor 359; the UE 404 of FIG. 4 ; and/or the UE 602 ofFIG. 8 ).

At block 810, the method 800 may include receiving, from at least a basestation, a first set of one or more synchronization signal block (SSB)beam identifiers corresponding to a first set of one or more SSB beamsbelonging to a SSB burst, wherein a number of SSB beams in the first setof SSB beams is less than a total number of SSB beams in the SSB burst.For example, the beam prediction component 140(1) may receive the samplebeam identifiers from the base station 402. Further, the sample beamidentifiers 430(1)-(4) may identify the first transmit beam 422(1), theseventh transmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmit beam 422(13), andthe nineteenth transmit beam 422(19) of the base station 402.

Accordingly, the UE 104, the UE 404, UE 602, the TX processor 368, theRX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor 359 executing the beamprediction component 140 may provide means for receiving, from at leasta base station, a first set of one or more synchronization signal block(SSB) beam identifiers corresponding to a first set of one or more SSBbeams belonging to a SSB burst, wherein a number of SSB beams in thefirst set of SSB beams is less than a total number of SSB beams in theSSB burst.

At block 820, the method 800 may include receiving, from at least thebase station, the SSB burst including the first set of one or more SSBbeams. For example, the UE 404 may receive the SSBs 420(1)-(n) of theSSB bursts 424(1) via the transmit beams 422.

Accordingly, the UE 104, the UE 404, UE 602, the TX processor 368, theRX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor 359 executing themeasurement component 438 may provide means for receiving, from at leastthe base station, the SSB burst including the first set of one or moreSSB beams.

At block 830, the method 800 may include transmitting, to at least thebase station, one or more of: reporting information for a second set ofone or more SSB beams or indications corresponding to the second set ofone or more SSB beams, the second set of one or more SSB beamsdetermined based on a prediction model and the first set of one or moreSSB beams. For example, the UE 404 may transmit the reportinginformation 432(1) to the base station 402. In some aspects, the UE 404may transmit the reporting information 432(1) within a CSI report.

Accordingly, the UE 104, the UE 404, UE 602, the TX processor 368, theRX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor 359 executing thereporting component 440 may provide means for transmitting, to at leastthe base station, one or more of: reporting information for a second setof one or more SSB beams or indications corresponding to the second setof one or more SSB beams, the second set of one or more SSB beamsdetermined based on a prediction model and the first set of one or moreSSB beams.

At block 840, the method 800 may optionally include communicating withthe base station via at least one of the second set of one or more SSBbeams. For example, the UE may receive the DL transmissions 441 via theplurality of predicted SSB beams.

Accordingly, the UE 104, the UE 404, UE 602, the TX processor 368, theRX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor 359 may provide meansfor communicating with the base station via at least one of the secondset of one or more SSB beams.

In an additional aspect, the method 800 further comprises determiningthe second set of one or more SSB beams based on at least one of aplurality of reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements, aplurality of angular measurements, historic measurement information, ora spatial signature. For example, the UE 404 may determine that thesample beam identifiers 430(1)-(4) correspond to the first transmit beam422(1), the seventh transmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmit beam422(13), and the nineteenth transmit beam 422(19) of the base station402. Further, the measurement component 438 may measure the firsttransmit beam 422(1), the seventh transmit beam 422(7), the thirteenthtransmit beam 422(13), and the nineteenth transmit beam 422(19) of thebase station 402. In some aspects, the UE 404 may determine RSRPmeasurements for the first transmit beam 422(1), the seventh transmitbeam 422(7), the thirteenth transmit beam 422(13), and the nineteenthtransmit beam 422(19) of the base station 402. Additionally, in someaspects, the UE may determine angular information of the first transmitbeam 422(1), the seventh transmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmitbeam 422(13), and the nineteenth transmit beam 422(19) of the basestation 402.

In addition, the UE 404 may input the measurement information of thefirst transmit beam 422(1), the seventh transmit beam 422(7), thethirteenth transmit beam 422(13), and the nineteenth transmit beam422(19) into the prediction model 418(1) to determine a subset of thetransmit beams 422 expected to meet a predefined criteria, e.g., thethree beams expected to have the highest measurement values of aparticular type of measurement performed by the UE 404. In some aspects,the prediction model 418(1) may determine three beams expected to havethe highest measurement values of a particular type of measurementperformed by the UE 404 based on a signature (e.g., a spatial signature)formed by the measurement values of the first transmit beam 422(1), theseventh transmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmit beam 422(13), andthe nineteenth transmit beam 422(19). In some aspects, the samplemeasurement information 448 includes RSRP measurements, and theprediction model 418(1) is configured to determine a subset of thetransmit beams 422 expected to have the highest RSRP values whenmeasured by the UE 404 based on a spatial signature formed by themeasurement values of the first transmit beam 422(1), the seventhtransmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmit beam 422(13), and thenineteenth transmit beam 422(19). In some aspects, the prediction model418(1) is configured to determine a subset of the transmit beams 422expected to have the highest measurement values when measured by the UE404 based at least in part on angular information. In some instances,the angular information may include AoA information associated with thefirst transmit beam 422(1), the seventh transmit beam 422(7), thethirteenth transmit beam 422(13), and the nineteenth transmit beam422(19). Additionally, or alternatively, the angular information mayinclude AoD information associated with the first transmit beam 422(1),the seventh transmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmit beam 422(13),and the nineteenth transmit beam 422(19) of the base station 402).Further, the angular information may be determined by the measurementcomponent and/or provided by the base station 402.

Additionally, the UE 404 may the input the measurement values and theangular information into the prediction model 418(1) to determine thesubset of the transmit beams 422 expected to meet a predefined criteriawhen measured by the UE 404.

Accordingly, the UE 104, the UE 404, UE 602, the TX processor 368, theRX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor 359 executing the beamprediction component 140 may provide means for determining the secondset of one or more SSB beams based on at least one of a plurality ofreference signal received power (RSRP) measurements, a plurality ofangular measurements, historic measurement information, or a spatialsignature.

In an additional aspect, the method 800 further comprises generating oneor more measurements of the first set of one or more SSB beams. Forexample, the measurement component 438 may measure the first transmitbeam 422(1), the seventh transmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmitbeam 422(13), and the nineteenth transmit beam 422(19) of the basestation 402. In some aspects, the UE 404 may determine RSRP measurementsfor the first transmit beam 422(1), the seventh transmit beam 422(7),the thirteenth transmit beam 422(13), and the nineteenth transmit beam422(19) of the base station 402. Additionally, in some aspects, the UEmay determine angular information of the first transmit beam 422(1), theseventh transmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmit beam 422(13), andthe nineteenth transmit beam 422(19) of the base station 402.

Accordingly, the UE 104, the UE 404, UE 602, the TX processor 368, theRX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor 359 executing themeasurement component 438 may provide means generating one or moremeasurements of the first set of one or more SSB beams.

In an additional aspect, the method 800 further comprises generatingreporting information for the second set of one or more SSB beams. Forexample, the UE 404 may generate the reporting information 432(1)including measurement values for the first transmit beam 422(1), theseventh transmit beam 422(7), the thirteenth transmit beam 422(13), andthe nineteenth transmit beam 422(19) of the base station 402.

Accordingly, the UE 104, the UE 404, UE 602, the TX processor 368, theRX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor 359 executing themeasurement component 438 may provide means for generating reportinginformation for the second set of one or more SSB beams.

In an additional aspect, the method 800 further comprises identifying acoverage zone associated with a current location of the UE, anddetermining the prediction model is associated with the coverage zone,wherein determining the second set of one or more SSB beams based on theprediction model and the first set of one or more SSB beams furthercomprises determining the second set of one or more SSB beams inresponse to determining the prediction model is associated with thecoverage zone. For example, UE 404 may determine that the UE 404 islocated in the coverage zone 410(1), and determine that the predictionmodel 418(1) is associated with the coverage zone 410(1). Further, theUE 404 may employ the prediction model 418(1) to determine the pluralityof predicted beams. In addition, if the UE 404 were to move to thecoverage zone 410(2), the UE 404 may determine that the prediction model418(2) is associated with the coverage zone 410(2) and use theprediction model 418(2) to determine a second plurality of predictedbeams of a base station 406(1) within the coverage zone 410(2).Accordingly, the UE 104, the UE 404, UE 602, the TX processor 368, theRX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor 359 executing the beamprediction component 140 may provide means for identifying a coveragezone associated with a current location of the UE, and determining theprediction model is associated with the coverage zone, whereindetermining the second set of one or more SSB beams based on theprediction model and the first set of one or more SSB beams furthercomprises determining the second set of one or more SSB beams inresponse to determining the prediction model is associated with thecoverage zone.

In an additional aspect, the method 800 further comprises receiving,from at least the base station, a third set of one or more SSB beams,generating, based on the third set of one or more beams, one or more oftraining measurements for generating the prediction model, andtransmitting the one or more of training measurements to the basestation. For example, the beam management component 414 may transmit aSSB burst 424 to the UE 404, and the UE 404 may determine the trainingmeasurement collection 428(1) based on SSB burst 224. Further, the UE404 may transmit the training measurement collection 428(1) to the basestation 402. Accordingly, the UE 104, the UE 404, UE 602, the TXprocessor 368, the RX processor 356, and/or the controller/processor 359executing the beam prediction component 140, the measurement component438, and/or the reporting component 440 may provide means for receiving,from at least the base station, a third set of one or more SSB beams,generating, based on the third set of one or more beams, one or more oftraining measurements for generating the prediction model, andtransmitting the one or more of training measurements to the basestation.

The specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes/flowchartsdisclosed is an illustration of example approaches. Based upon designpreferences, the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in theprocesses/flowcharts may be rearranged. Further, some blocks may becombined or omitted. The accompanying method claims present elements ofthe various blocks in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited tothe specific order or hierarchy presented.

The previous description is provided to enable any person havingordinary skill in the art to practice the various aspects describedherein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparentto a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principlesdefined herein may be applied to other aspects. The claims are notintended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but is to beaccorded the full scope consistent with the language claims, wherereference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean “one andonly one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more.”Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one ormore. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C,” “one or more ofA, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” “one or more of A, B, andC,” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” include any combination ofA, B, or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiplesof C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C,”“one or more of A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” “one or moreof A, B, and C,” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof” may be Aonly, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, whereany such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B,or C. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of thevarious aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known orlater come to be known to a person having ordinary skill in the art areexpressly incorporated herein by reference and are intended to beencompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein isintended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether suchdisclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words “module,”“mechanism,” “element,” “device,” and the like may not be a substitutefor the word “means.” As such, no claim element is to be construed as ameans plus function unless the element is expressly recited using thephrase “means for.”

EXAMPLE CLAUSES

A. A method of wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), themethod comprising: receiving, from at least a base station, a first setof one or more synchronization signal block (SSB) beam identifierscorresponding to a first set of one or more SSB beams belonging to a SSBburst, wherein a number of SSB beams in the first set of one or more SSBbeams is less than a total number of SSB beams in the SSB burst;receiving, from at least the base station, the SSB burst including thefirst set of one or more SSB beams; and transmitting, to at least thebase station, one or more of: reporting information for a second set ofone or more SSB beams or indications corresponding to the second set ofone or more SSB beams, the second set of one or more SSB beamsdetermined based on a prediction model and the first set of one or moreSSB beams.

B. The method as paragraph A recites, further comprising generatingreporting information for the second set of one or more SSB beams.

C. The method as any of paragraphs A-B recite, wherein determining thesecond set of one or more SSB beams based on the prediction model andthe first set of one or more SSB beams comprises determining the secondset of one or more SSB beams based on at least one of one or morereference signal received power (RSRP) measurements, one or more angularmeasurements, historic measurement information, or a spatial signature.

D. The method as any of paragraphs A-C recite, wherein the predictionmodel is configured to predict one or more SSB beams having highestmeasurement values within the SSB burst.

E. The method as any of paragraphs A-D recite, further comprisingreceiving the prediction model from the base station.

F. The method as any of paragraphs A-G recite, further comprising:identifying a coverage zone associated with a current location of theUE; and determining the prediction model is associated with the coveragezone, wherein determining the second set of one or more SSB beams basedon the prediction model and the first set of one or more SSB beamsfurther comprises determining the second set of one or more SSB beams inresponse to determining the prediction model is associated with thecoverage zone.

G. The method as any of paragraphs A-F recite, wherein the predictionmodel is a neural network.

H. The method as any of paragraphs A-G recite, further comprising:receiving, from at least the base station, a third set of one or moreSSB beams; generating, based on the third set of one or more SSB beams,one or more of training measurements for generating the predictionmodel; and transmitting the one or more of training measurements to thebase station.

I. The method as any of paragraphs A-H recite, further comprisingcommunicating with the base station via at least one of the second setof one or more SSB beams.

J. A UE for wireless communication, comprising a memory storingcomputer-executable instructions; and at least one processor coupledwith the memory and configured to execute the computer-executableinstructions to perform the method of any of paragraphs A-I.

K. A UE for wireless communication, comprising means for performing themethod of any of paragraphs A-I.

L. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer executablecode, the code when executed by a processor causes the processor toperform the method of any of paragraphs A-I.

M. A method of wireless communication at a base station, the methodcomprising: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a first set of oneor more SSB beam identifiers corresponding to a first set of one or moreSSB beams of a SSB burst; transmitting the SSB burst including the firstset of one or more SSB beams to the UE; receiving, from the UE, a firstset of measurements corresponding to the first set of one or more SSBbeams; predicting, based at least on the first set of measurements, asecond set of one or more SSB beams; and transmitting, to the UE, asecond set of one or more SSB beam identifiers corresponding to thesecond set of one or more SSB beams.

N. The method as paragraph M recites, wherein receiving the first set ofmeasurements, comprises receiving a channel state information (CSI)report including the first set of measurements.

O. The method as any of paragraphs M-N recite, wherein predicting, basedat least on the first set of measurements, the second set of one or moreSSB beams comprises predicting the second set of one or more SSB beamsbased on at least one of a plurality of reference signal received power(RSRP) measurements, a plurality of angular measurements, or historicmeasurement information.

P. The method as any of paragraphs M-N recite, wherein predicting, basedat least on the first set of measurements, a second set of one or moreSSB beams comprises predicting the second set of one or more SSB beamsbased on a spatial signature.

Q. The method as any of paragraphs M-P recite, wherein predicting thesecond set of one or more SSB beams comprises determining, via aprediction model, one or more SSB beams having highest measurementvalues within the SSB burst.

R. The method as paragraph Q recites, further comprising: transmitting athird set of one or more SSB beams; receiving, from one or more UEs,based on the third set of one or more SSB beams, one or more trainingmeasurements for generating the prediction model; and generating theprediction model based on the one or more training measurements.

S. The method as paragraph Q recites, wherein the UE is a first UE, andfurther comprising transmitting, to a second UE, the prediction modeland a coverage zone identifier identifying a coverage zone for using theprediction model.

T. The method as paragraph Q recites, wherein the prediction model is aneural network.

U. The method as any of paragraphs M-U recite, further comprising:receiving, from the UE, reporting information for the second set of oneor more SSB beams; and transmitting data to the UE via at least one ofthe second set of one or more SSB beams.

V. A base station for wireless communication, comprising a memorystoring computer-executable instructions; and at least one processorcoupled with the memory and configured to execute thecomputer-executable instructions to perform the method of any ofparagraphs M-U.

W. A base station for wireless communication, comprising means forperforming the method of any of paragraphs M-U.

X. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing computer executablecode, the code when executed by a processor causes the processor toperform the method of any of paragraphs M-U.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of wireless communication at a userequipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving, from at least a basestation, a first set of one or more synchronization signal block (SSB)beam identifiers corresponding to a first set of one or more SSB beamsbelonging to a SSB burst, wherein a number of SSB beams in the first setof one or more SSB beams is less than a total number of SSB beams in theSSB burst; receiving, from at least the base station, the SSB burstincluding the first set of one or more SSB beams; and transmitting, toat least the base station, one or more of: reporting information for asecond set of one or more SSB beams or indications corresponding to thesecond set of one or more SSB beams, the second set of one or more SSBbeams determined based on a prediction model and the first set of one ormore SSB beams.
 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising generatingreporting information for the second set of one or more SSB beams. 3.The method of claim 1, wherein determining the second set of one or moreSSB beams based on the prediction model and the first set of one or moreSSB beams comprises determining the second set of one or more SSB beamsbased on at least one of one or more reference signal received power(RSRP) measurements, one or more angular measurements, historicmeasurement information, or a spatial signature.
 4. The method of claim1, wherein the prediction model is configured to predict one or more SSBbeams having highest measurement values within the SSB burst.
 5. Themethod of claim 1, further comprising receiving the prediction modelfrom the base station.
 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:identifying a coverage zone associated with a current location of theUE; and determining the prediction model is associated with the coveragezone, wherein determining the second set of one or more SSB beams basedon the prediction model and the first set of one or more SSB beamsfurther comprises determining the second set of one or more SSB beams inresponse to determining the prediction model is associated with thecoverage zone.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the prediction model isa neural network.
 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:receiving, from at least the base station, a third set of one or moreSSB beams; generating, based on the third set of one or more SSB beams,one or more of training measurements for generating the predictionmodel; and transmitting the one or more of training measurements to thebase station.
 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising communicatingwith the base station via at least one of the second set of one or moreSSB beams.
 10. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication,comprising: a memory storing computer-executable instructions; and atleast one processor coupled with the memory and configured to executethe computer-executable instructions to: receive, from at least a basestation, a first set of one or more synchronization signal block (SSB)beam identifiers corresponding to a first set of one or more SSB beamsbelonging to a SSB burst, wherein a number of SSB beams in the first setof one or more SSB beams is less than a total number of SSB beams in theSSB burst; receive, from at least the base station, the SSB burstincluding the first set of one or more SSB beams; and transmit, to atleast the base station, one or more of: reporting information for asecond set of one or more SSB beams or indications corresponding to thesecond set of one or more SSB beams, the second set of one or more SSBbeams determined based on a prediction model and the first set of one ormore SSB beams.
 11. The UE of claim 10, wherein the at least oneprocessor is further configured to execute the computer-executableinstructions to generate the reporting information for the second set ofone or more SSB beams.
 12. The UE of claim 10, wherein determining thesecond set of one or more SSB beams based on the prediction model andthe first set of one or more beams, the at least one processor isfurther configured to execute the computer-executable instructions todetermine the second set of one or more SSB beams based on at least oneof one or more reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements, oneor more angular measurements, historic measurement information, or aspatial signature.
 13. The UE of claim 10, wherein the prediction modelis configured to predict one or more SSB beams having a highestmeasurement value within the SSB burst.
 14. The UE of claim 10, whereinthe SSB burst is a first SSB burst, and the at least one processor isfurther configured to execute the computer-executable instructions to:receive, from at least the base station, a third set of one or more SSBbeams; generate, based on the third set of one or more SSB beams, one ormore training measurements for generating the prediction model; andtransmit the one or more training measurements to the base station. 15.The UE of claim 10, wherein the at least one processor is furtherconfigured to execute the computer-executable instructions tocommunicate with the base station via at least one of the second set ofone or more SSB beams.
 16. A method of wireless communication at a basestation, the method comprising: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE),a first set of one or more SSB beam identifiers corresponding to a firstset of one or more SSB beams of a SSB burst; transmitting the SSB burstincluding the first set of one or more SSB beams to the UE; receiving,from the UE, a first set of measurements corresponding to the first setof one or more SSB beams; predicting, based at least on the first set ofmeasurements, a second set of one or more SSB beams; and transmitting,to the UE, a second set of one or more SSB beam identifierscorresponding to the second set of one or more SSB beams.
 17. The methodof claim 16, wherein receiving the first set of measurements, comprisesreceiving a channel state information (CSI) report including the firstset of measurements.
 18. The method of claim 16, wherein predicting,based at least on the first set of measurements, the second set of oneor more SSB beams comprises predicting the second set of one or more SSBbeams based on at least one of a plurality of reference signal receivedpower (RSRP) measurements, a plurality of angular measurements, orhistoric measurement information.
 19. The method of claim 16, whereinpredicting, based at least on the first set of measurements, a secondset of one or more SSB beams comprises predicting the second set of oneor more SSB beams based on a spatial signature.
 20. The method of claim16, wherein predicting the second set of one or more SSB beams comprisesdetermining, via a prediction model, one or more SSB beams havinghighest measurement values within the SSB burst.
 21. The method of claim20, further comprising: transmitting a third set of one or more SSBbeams; receiving, from one or more UEs, based on the third set of one ormore SSB beams, one or more training measurements for generating theprediction model; and generating the prediction model based on the oneor more training measurements.
 22. The method of claim 20, wherein theUE is a first UE, and further comprising transmitting, to a second UE,the prediction model and a coverage zone identifier identifying acoverage zone for using the prediction model.
 23. The method of claim20, wherein the prediction model is a neural network.
 24. The method ofclaim 16, further comprising: receiving, from the UE, reportinginformation for the second set of one or more SSB beams; andtransmitting data to the UE via at least one of the second set of one ormore SSB beams.
 25. A base station for wireless communication,comprising: a memory storing computer-executable instructions; and atleast one processor coupled with the memory and configured to executethe computer-executable instructions to: transmit, to a user equipment(UE), a first set of one or more SSB beam identifiers corresponding to afirst set of one or more SSB beams of a SSB burst; transmit the SSBburst including the first set of one or more SSB beams to the UE;receive, from the UE, a first set of measurements corresponding to thefirst set of one or more SSB beams; predict, based at least on the firstset of measurements, a second set of one or more SSB beams; andtransmit, to the UE, a second set of one or more SSB beam identifierscorresponding to the second set of one or more SSB beams.
 26. The basestation of claim 25, wherein to receive the first set of measurements,the at least one processor is further configured to execute thecomputer-executable instructions to receive a channel state information(CSI) report including the first set of measurements.
 27. The basestation of claim 25, wherein to predict, based at least on the first setof measurements, the second set of one or more SSB beams, the at leastone processor is further configured to execute the computer-executableinstructions to determine, via a prediction model, one or more SSB beamshaving highest measurement values within the SSB burst.
 28. The basestation of claim 27, wherein the at least one processor is furtherconfigured to execute the computer-executable instructions to: transmita third set of one of more SSB beams; receive, from one or more UEs,based on the third set of one or more beams, a one or more trainingmeasurements for generating the prediction model; and generate theprediction model based on the one or more training measurements.
 29. Thebase station of claim 25, wherein to predict, based at least on thefirst set of measurements, the second set of one or more SSB beams, theat least one processor is further configured to execute thecomputer-executable instructions to predict the second set of one ormore SSB beams based on at least one of a plurality of reference signalreceived power (RSRP) measurements, a plurality of angular measurements,or historic measurement information.
 30. The base station of claim 25,wherein to predict, based at least on the first set of measurements, thesecond set of one or more SSB beams, the at least one processor isfurther configured to execute the computer-executable instructions topredict the second set of one or more SSB beams based on a spatialsignature.